It is
a matter of great pride to the Bhutanese that their small kingdom
was never colonized. Its ancient history, which is a mixture of the
oral tradition and classical literature, tells of a largely self-sufficient
population, which had limited contact with the outside world until
the turn of the century.
Among
the earliest landmarks of Bhutanese history visible today are two
seventh-century monasteries, the Kyichu Lhakhang in Paro and Jambay
Lhakhang in Bumthang. Both these deeply revered monasteries have been
preserved and developed over the centuries.
In the
eight century Guru Rimpoche (Padmasambhava), established several sacred
religious sites, which are important places of pilgrimage for the
Buddhist world today. Among them are the Kurjey Lhakhang in Bumthang
and the Taktshang (Tiger's Nest) Monastery in Paro.
Another
important chapter in Bhutanese history unfolded in the early part
of the 13th century when the Buddhist teacher, Phajo Drugom Zhingpo,
introduced the Drukpa Kagyu School of Mahayana Buddhism in the western
Bhutan. Over the years many other saints and religious figures helped
shape Bhutan's history and develop its religion.